The EMRA offices will be closed for the upcoming holidays from Wednesday, December 24, 2025 until Monday, January 5, 2026. We apologize for the inconvenience.
A Brief Review of Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
A 56-year-old male with a history of end stage COPD, sarcoidosis, and pulmonary hypertension comes into your ED in respiratory failure. His initial o